Table of Contents
Noise-canceling headphones are now common for commuting, studying, and working from home. They block background noise, help users focus, and reduce the need to play audio at high volumes. Most research shows these devices are safe for hearing.
In recent years, however, some audiologists have observed patterns in young users that deserve attention. Experts emphasize they are not claiming headphones cause brain damage, but prolonged, constant use may affect how the brain processes sound.
How Noise Cancellation Could Affect Listening Skills
Auditory processing disorder (APD) affects how the brain interprets sounds. People with APD often struggle to follow conversations in noisy environments or identify where sounds are coming from.
Traditionally, APD has been linked to brain injuries, ear infections, or neurodiverse conditions. However, clinics in the UK and other regions report more young patients with APD-like symptoms, despite normal hearing and no typical risk factors. Some specialists suggest that frequent use of noise-canceling headphones could play a role. By blocking natural background noise for long periods, the brain may have fewer opportunities to practice filtering and interpreting everyday sounds.
Real Cases and Expert Observations
One example is Sophie, a 25-year-old administrative assistant diagnosed with APD. She used noise-canceling headphones for up to five hours a day and later found it difficult to understand speech without subtitles. Conversations and lectures became difficult to follow, leading to her APD diagnosis.
Claire Benton, Vice President of the British Academy of Audiology, explains:
“Isolating the brain from natural sound environments may slow the development of listening skills. If a person mainly hears music or podcasts, the brain has fewer chances to process complex sounds in real-life settings.”
The Rise in APD Diagnoses Among Young People
Several NHS audiology departments have reported an increase in young people seeking help for hearing difficulties. However, tests show their ears function normally. The problem lies in their brains, which struggle to filter and interpret sound correctly.
Despite the growing concern, diagnosing APD remains difficult. England’s public healthcare system offers very few diagnostic resources, with only one NHS provider conducting full assessments. Patients face long waiting lists, sometimes up to nine months, as testing requires extensive evaluations lasting several hours.
Practical Listening Habits Experts Recommend
Audiologists suggest simple habits to balance comfort with healthy listening:
- 60/60 rule: Keep volume at around 60% for an hour, then take a short break.
- Use Transparency or Aware modes: Let some background sound in when full isolation isn’t necessary.
- Auditory variety: Listen to podcasts, radio discussions, or conversations in mildly noisy environments to keep the brain engaged.
- Situational use: Active noise cancellation works best on flights, commutes, or deep work sessions — not all day.
These small adjustments help the brain continue practicing real-world listening while still benefiting from noise reduction.
Should You Stop Using Noise-Canceling Headphones?
No, Experts are not calling for people to stop using noise-canceling headphones entirely. They protect hearing in loud environments and can reduce fatigue. The key is moderation. Regular breaks, varied sound exposure, and reasonable volumes allow users to enjoy benefits without limiting auditory development.
For teenagers and young adults, regular exposure to natural background noise is essential for proper auditory development. Using noise cancellation occasionally is fine, but relying on it constantly may weaken the brain’s ability to filter sounds in everyday life.
Key Takeaway: Use in Moderation
Noise-canceling headphones are useful for focus, travel, and hearing protection. At the same time, younger listeners should maintain exposure to everyday sounds. Following simple practices like the 60/60 approach, situational use, and transparency modes helps balance. Responsible use, regular breaks, and listening at safe volumes can help ensure both comfort and long-term hearing health.
Editor’s Note: Originally published on February 18, 2025, this article was updated with the latest expert observations and practical tips on noise-canceling headphone use.
Stay Updated: Gadgets
